The monograph presents to the readers the results of an international research study aimed at the topical issue of children's readiness for starting compulsory school attendance. A deeper analysis focuses primarily on the population of Czech children, however, the research included participating foreign university institutions (Slovakia, Slovenia, Poland). These are countries whose pre-school education is being reformed such as in the Czech Republic.Regarding its content, the monograph offers a comprehensive overview of the issue of pre-school education in the context of preparing children for compulsory school attendance, both on theoretical and research levels.